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ISSUE DATE: AUGUST 2005 | |
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August 2005 - In This Issue [Cover Story] Synthetic Instruments Tackle Military Testing Synthetic instruments (SI) promise a flexible, cost-effective future for military systems testing. These modular function blocks can be combined under the command of different software engines to perform all of the functions currently offered by traditional "rack-and-stack" test systems, but at a fraction of the cost and without the built-in obsolescence that plagues application-specific measurement solutions. Several new SI modules from Agilent Technologies (Santa Rosa, CA),... — John Stratton [News] EM Simulators Reveal Contents Of Crystal Ball Electromagnetic (EM) simulators are fundamentally computer software tools that are used for microwave analysis, design, and optimization. Their existence has provided RF and high-speed digital designers with the resources needed to confront very difficult design problems. The primary objective of an EM simulator is to analyze electromagnetic fields. Field solvers apply this capability in applications like antennas, active devices, electromagnetic interference (EMI), and RF and microwave... — Nancy Friedrich [Design Features] Biconical Antenna Scans 4.8 To 5.8 GHz Biconical dipole antennas can provide uniform omnidirectional gain in the horizontal plane and slowly varying gain with elevation across a wide frequency range. This antenna configuration was chosen for a wideband reference antenna capable of operating from 4.9 to 5.9 GHz. The antenna was designed with a center frequency of 5.3825 GHz with a 16.5 percent bandwidth to accommodate MOTOMESH™ technology (4.94 to 4.99 GHz) and IEEE 802.11a wideband Internet service (5.15 to 5.35 and 5.725 to... — Laddie T. Malek , et al. [Design Features] Gauge Wideband LO Noise In Passive Tx/Rx Mixers Passive integrated-circuit (IC) mixers are widely used in cellular base-station transceivers because of their low noise and outstanding linearity. Suitable for both downconversion in receivers and upconversion in transmitters, these mixers nonetheless can be hindered by wideband noise boosted by buffer amplifiers used to increase local-oscillator (LO) levels. Fortunately, a single noise parameter for passive mixer ICs makes it possible to calculate system-related impairments when using these... — Stephen P. Jurgiel , et al. [Product Technology] InGaP Gain Blocks Boost 0.1 To 6.0 GHz Gain blocks are invaluable "amplitude adjustment" devices for a wide range of circuits and systems. Since such gain blocks are often used in broadband applications, Celeritek (Santa Clara, CA) has added two extremely broadband devices to its line of monolithic-microwave-integrated-circuit (MMIC) gain blocks, models CGB7014-SC and CGD7017-SC. Based on proprietary InGaP process technology, the heterojunction-bipolar-transistor (HBT) based gain blocks can be used for applications from 0.1 to... — Damian McCann [Product Technology] RF Chip Sets Support 802.16d/e Front Ends Broadband wireless market forecasts predict huge opportunities, despite the fact that sales are still modest. To give the broadband market a boost, Texas Instruments (Dallas, TX) recently introduced three RF chip sets at various frequencies: the TRF11xx chip set at 2.5 GHz, the TRF12xx chip set at 3.5 GHz, and the TRF24xx chip set at 5.8 GHz. The chip sets support frequency-division-duplex (FDD), half-frequency-division-duplex (HFDD), and time-division-duplex (TDD) modes and include an... — Nancy Friedrich [Editorial] EM Analysis Tools Are Now Mainstream Just a decade ago, electromagnetic (EM) software simulation tools were still making their way from the university to the engineer's workstation or personal computer. In that relatively short time, however, EM software tools have evolved from experimental curiosities to essential design and analysis tools. It is safe to say that many of the advances in microelectronics and miniature mechanical structures, including microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices, would have proceeded at a much... — Jack Browne |
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